Social justice activism often begins online, where hashtags amplify marginalized voices and organize protests. But lasting change requires more than visibility; it needs structure, strategy, and engagement with institutions. Critics argue that some movements become performative or divisive, but history shows that most rights we now take for granted — voting, civil liberties, labor protections — were won through sustained activism.
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However, backlash is common. Activists face legal threats, censorship, misinformation, and even violence. In polarized societies, dialogue can be difficult, and the path to justice is rarely straightforward. Moreover, identity politics and ideological purity can fragment coalitions, making it harder to build consensus.
